Methyl mmanya

Methyl mmanya (ma ọ bụ methanol) bụ a colorless mmiri mmiri. Ọ bụ mfe miscible na mmiri dị iche iche solvents nwere organic ndabere. The uto na isi nke methyl mmanya (CH3OH usoro) nwere fọrọ nke nta dịghị ihe dị iche si ethyl, ma ọ bụ na-egbu egbu na pụrụ ime ka oké nsi. Methanol nwere a ala mmiri ịgbọ agbọ uche. Ọ bụ 64,5 degrees Celsius. Mgbe ọkụ a na ihe onwunwe nwere a acha anụnụ anụnụ na agba nke ire na dịghị ese siga.

N'okpuru eke ọnọdụ, ọ gaghị ekwe omume chọta methanol na free ụdị. Na ọdịdị, na e nwere nanị methyl mmanya nkwekọrịta, nke bụ Ester mmanụ na bekee. Ha na-ubiquitous. Anthranilic acid methyl Ester na-dị na Jasmine mmanụ na salicylic - na wintergreen mmanụ. Nkwekọrịta nke methanol hụrụ na alkaloids, eke dyes, wdg

Na mbụ inweta methanol-emepụta n'oge a akọrọ distillation usoro, osisi akụrụngwa. Modern ulo oru na-emepụta na-eji sịntetik ụzọ.

Methyl mmanya na ọtụtụ-eji dị ka a mgbaze maka akọwa na varnishes. Ọ na-eji dị ka a na-amalite otu na-emepụta formaldehyde, dimethyl sulfate, methyl chloride, na ndị ọzọ na ogige emepụta site chemical n'aka. Ọzọkwa, ọ bụ otu n'ime antifirizi mmiri na-eji maka denaturing ethyl mmanya.

Methanol bụ a nsi, nke na-emetụta ndị vaskụla na ụjọ usoro. The toxicity nke umi ruru ya ọxịdashọn mgbe ingested na ghọrọ ka-eyi ndụ egwu formaldehyde.

Methyl mmanya nsi nke nwere ike ime mgbe na-anata ise iri milliliters akpata ikpu ìsì mmadụ. A dose uku iri atọ grams, bụ mgbe ndị na-akpata ọnwụ, nke pụtara na nkwụsị nke akụkụ okuku ume na usoro, akpa ume edema ma ọ bụ ụbụrụ na uremia ma ọ bụ ida. Mgbaàmà nke nwayọọ methanol nsi pụrụ iyi:

• isi ọwụwa;
• general malaise;
• n'adịghị ike anyị;
• ọgbụgbọ;
• akpata oyi;
• vomiting.

N'ihi ya, ahụ ike n'ihe ize ndụ ọ bụghị naanị methyl mmanya dị ọcha ụdị, ma nwekwara a ngwakọta nke methanol ọdịnaya bụ obere. Nnata nke a na-egbu egbu umi ke idem nwere ike iri ebe ọ bụghị naanị site na digestive usoro. mmanya ụzọ banye n'ime akpa ume. Methanol na obere ichekwa bụ ike iru n'ime ahu na site na akpụkpọ.

Methyl mmanya na mba ụfọdụ na-eji dị ka a denaturant maka ethanol mmewere. Ihe mmeghachi omume nke chemical umi bụ a akụrụngwa nke ọgwụ ọjọọ na-emepụta na senti ụlọ ọrụ. Russian iwu machibidoro ojiji nke methanol na ngwaahịa zubere maka uka oriri.

Methyl mmanya bụ ya iji dị ka onye n'etiti maka synthesizing nnukwu nke ulo oru chemical ụlọ ọrụ. On ya ndabere na Polymers emepụta, na dị iche iche organic bekee. Methanol na ọtụtụ-eji dị ka ihe gị n'ụlọnga maka nkwadebe nke ụdị ụfọdụ nke ọgwụ ahụhụ.

Methyl mmanya bụ a akụrụngwa n'ihi amị methylamine, pentaerythritol, na hexamine. Ya iji na mmepụta nke polyvinylchloride, ion mgbanwe na urea resins, nakwa dị ka ke imewe nke foto film. Enweghị methanol ike ejikwara amonia osisi. Methyl mmanya na ọtụtụ-eji ọgwụ ụlọ ọrụ ke imewe nke ọgwụ. Nke a na mmiri mmiri nwere ike ji mee ka mmanụ dị ike osisi, na-a dochie anya mmanụ ụgbọala ugbo ala. Enweghị methanol na-adịghị emepụta acetic acid na sịntetik roba. Nke a na umi nwekwara okụt ya ngwa na ụlọ ọrụ na mmanụ na gas mgbagwoju ihe.