Thyroxine na triiodothyronine na-synthesized na ndabere nke ihe? Thyroid homonụ - thyroxine na triiodothyronine

Thyroid homonụ na-emepụta site na thyroid gland (SHCHZ). Thyroxine na triiodothyronine - na isi ihe abụọ hormone nke ahụ, a akụkụ nke nke e nwere ihe ayodiin atọm. Ndị a homonụ na-emepụta site na mkpụrụ ndụ nke follicular epithelium.

The ọrụ nke thyroid homonụ

Thyroxine na triiodothyronine synthesized si tyrosine (Alfa-amino acid) na dị oké mkpa maka nkịtị mmepe nke organism.

• Na-akwado ọrụ nke akụkụ okuku ume center.
• Na ha na-ekere òkè, mere akara nke okpomọkụ ọgbọ site ahụ.
• Metụta oxygen metabolism na ụba anụ ahụ oxygen ina.
• Emetụta ike nke obi contractions (ionotropic mmetụta).
• Mezie obi ọnụego (chronotropic mmetụta).
• N'ihi thyroid hormone amụba ego nke b-adrenergic anabata na obi na skeletal uru, na-mere ndokwa na adipose anụ ahụ na lymphocytes.
• Rụọ ọrụ motility nke eriri afọ tract.
• N'okpuru nduzi nke njikọ nke dị iche iche bughi ndi na-edozi na anụ ahụ iche.
• Kpalie mmepe na uto nke dum.
• Akpali Central ụjọ usoro ịrụ ọrụ ma mee ngwangwa echiche na-akpakọrịta.
• Mezie ọbara glucose na dịkwuo kpọọ na itinye n'ọrụ nke ya na mkpụrụ ndụ, si otú rụọ ọrụ na usoro nke glycolysis.
• Emetụta disintegration adipose anụ ahụ (lipolysis) na-egbu oge ya guzobere na deposition.

Na-ekwesịghị ekwesị secretion nke thyroid homonụ na ahụ mmadụ nwere ike ime ka na-egbu oge uche na nke anụ development.

Njikọ SHCHZ homonụ

SHCHZ isi protein bụ thyroglobulin. Ọ na-eje ozi dị ka a template nke e guzobere homonụ na-emepụta site na gland. Thyroxine na triiodothyronine na-synthesized na ndabere nke thyroglobulin protein. Nke a protein na e dere n'ime ya mejupụtara nke karịrị 5 puku. Amino acid residues, na na 18 n'ime ha na-iodized. Thyroxine na-synthesized na òkè nke naanị 2 4 amino acid residues. Ke adianade thyroglobulin, maka hormone SHCHZ atụ na cholesterol. N'ihi ya, thyroxine na triiodothyronine na-synthesized na ndabere nke cholesterol, nakwa dị ka steroid homonụ. Thyroid hormone T4 ka ugboro 10 karịa T3.

Mmiri ọgwụ Triiodothyronine (T3) a kpụrụ site Nchikota di- na monoiodotyrosine ụmụ irighiri ihe na-akụkụ nke protein thyroglobulin.

Ka SHCHZ homonụ nri nsụkọrọ?

Homonụ SHCHZ eke agbụ na plasma-edozi, na dị ka ndị dị otú ahụ na-anapụta anụ ahụ na akụkụ. E nwere atọ isi ọbara na-edozi na na-enwe ike eke agbụ homonụ T3 na T4:

1. TSG - thyroxine-ekechikwa globulin.
2. LSPA - thyroxine-prealbumin.
3. Albumin.

Larịị nke thyroxine na triiodothyronine mmetụta SHCHZ secretory ọrụ na nkịtị ike nke ọbara.

Control T3 na T4 njikọ na-rụrụ hormone pituitary TSH (thyroid na-akpali akpali hormone). N'aka nke ya, TSH njikọ a rụrụ n'okpuru nduzi nke ndị hormone nke hypothalamic TRH (thyrotropin-atọhapụ hormone).

Free triiodothyronine (fT3)

Percentages fT3 bụ naanị 0,25% nke ngụkọta ọbara T3. Dị ka anyị hụworo, T3 na ọbara bụ ihe na-erughị T4, ma, n'agbanyeghị na nke a, ya free ụdị nanị ọkara nke T4 freeform.

Ọ bụ free ụdị SHCHZ homonụ na-akpata ha ndu ọrụ. Triiodothyronine (hormone) ihe ndị ọzọ nọ n'ọrụ thyroxine. Ọ bụ ya mere a free larịị nke ya n'ozuzu metabolisticheskoe e ji mara ihe nke thyroid homonụ.

Thyroxine: ọrụ

T4 biologically-adịghị ejekwa ozi. Ma ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, o nwere ike n'okpuru nduzi nke selenium-dabere enzyme monodeiodinase converted n'ime a karị T3.

Thyroxine hormone ọrụ ke idem anamde otu dị mkpa dị ka triiodothyronine. Ya bụ T4 bụ maka mmepụta nke vitamin A na imeju, akpali protein metabolism, emetụta lipid (abụba) metabolism, regulates larịị nke triglycerides na ihe ọjọọ cholesterol na ọbara, na-emetụta ndị kwesịrị ekwesị guzobere ọkpụkpụ anụ ahụ, nke dị mkpa karịsịa ụmụ.

Olee otú nyefee analysis na homonụ SHCHZ?

Iji mepụta a na-amụ larịị SHCHZ homonụ anapụta ezu ọbara a akwara na analysis. Nke a nwere ike mere na ọgwụgwọ ime ụlọ.

Na-amụ gafere kasị pụrụ ịdabere na-arụpụta adịghị enwe mpụga ihe, otu ọnwa tupu enye ọbara analysis dị mkpa iji ewepu n'ikuku nke mmiri ọgwụ preparations. N'ezie, ọ ga-kwetara na gị na dọkịta. 3-5 ụbọchị tupu ụbọchị na-atụ aro ka ewepu ọgwụ ọjọọ nwere ayodiin na mejupụtara.

Ozugbo tupu ọbara nlele ọrịa kwesịrị iri ọ bụla X-ray ule. Na eve nke na-enye ọbara adịghị atụ aro n'ihi na elu ọrụ ahụ na-akpata nchekasị (sports asọmpi, ule na na. D.). Tupu ha abanye ọmụmụ ihe na ngafe analysis, onye ọrịa na-atụ aro ka ha nọdu na ike nke 15-30 nkeji.

Nkịtị ụkpụrụ SHCHZ homonụ

Anyị chọpụtara ihe ọrụ ahụ na-arụ thyroxine na triiodothyronine, na-synthesized na ndabere nke mmiri, nke bekee na-ahụ maka ha ọbara nkịtị, ga-esi a ule maka ndị a homonụ. Ugbu a lee ha nkịtị bara uru, na n'okpuru ihe ọrịa ndị ha nwere ike ma ọ bụ ibelata. Standards ndị a homonụ na-nyere na table n'okpuru:

Nke ọrịa enwekwu fT3?

Free triiodothyronine nwere ike ụba na-eso ọrịa:

• Hyperthyroidism bụ isi ma ọ bụ nke abụọ.
• T3 toxicosis dịpụrụ adịpụ.
• Thyroiditis.
• Hypothyroidism T4 na-eguzogide.
• Choriocarcinoma.
• eguzogide syndrome SHCHZ homonụ.
• Ẹsụhọde ịta nke thyroxine-ekechikwa globulin.
• -Adịghị ala ala ọrịa imeju.
• Na hemodialysis.
• Nephrotic syndrome.
• Mgbe ọgwụ na redioaktivu ayodiin.

N'oge ụfọdụ, e nwere a ọnụ fT3?

Ẹsụhọde ọbara fT3 nwere ike ime ndị na-esonụ ọnọdụ:

• Hypothyroidism bụ a bụ isi, nke abụọ ma ọ bụ tertiary.
• Netireoidnaya daa ọrịa nke oké ike, gụnyere uche na nke anụ ọnọdụ (ọrịa strok, myocardial na t. D.).
• Ruo ogologo oge na-ebu ọnụ ma ọ bụ a na-eri na a ala oriri nke protein nri.
• N'oge na mgbake oge mgbe oké njọ pathologies na arụmọrụ.
• Ọ bụrụ na uncompensated isi adrenal insufficiency.
• Na ụmụ nwanyị na mgbe nile arọ mmega.
• Na -atọ trimester nke afọ ime (fT3 larịị n'oge ime iji nwayọọ nwayọọ na mbelata si akpa trimester na ọgwụgwụ nke atọ na-aghọ ihe akpọ).
• Na n'ikuku nke ndị na-esonụ ọgwụ ọjọọ: amiodarone, androgens, propranolol, salicylates, iodinated X-ray iche mmadụ.

Ọzọkwa, n'oge a kara aka fluctuations kwere omume fT3. Oke na oge site na September ka February, ma ọ dịkarịa ala na okpomọkụ.

mgbaàmà nke hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism - ihe ezughi oke njikọ SHCHZ homonụ. Na nke a, ndị na-esonụ mgbaàmà nwere ike ime:

• Lethargy, ike ọgwụgwụ na iro ụra.
• Ntoputa nke ngafe ibu a na-apụghị na-achịkwa site na mmega ahụ na nri.
• Ịnọgide ịda mbà n'obi.
• E nwere ike ịbụ a ọnụ ke okpomọkụ nke ahụ ruo 35,6 degrees.
• Itching nke anụ ahụ, ya nkụ na ọzịza.
• Hair ọnwụ na dandruff, nke na-adịghị agafe ọbụna mgbe eji a medicated ncha ntutu.
• Ibelata obi ọnụego (bradycardia).
• Mgbada n'usoro ọbara mgbali.
• Loss nke ebe nchekwa na mmeghachi omume.
• Ịgachi afọ ntachi.
• Women nwere ike ime ka ịhụ nsọ ụfọdụ na infertility.

mgbaàmà nke hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism - a ngafe njikọ SHCHZ homonụ. Na nke a, na e nwere ndị na-esonụ mgbaàmà:

• Mụbara agụụ ma si otú arọ ọnwụ.
• General adịghị ike, bú nke nwere ike a flash mbanye.
• Flabbiness na akpụkpọ nkụ.
• Heart palpitations na ọbara mgbali elu.
• Mmụba na ahu okpomọkụ ruo 37,5 degrees.
• Ịhụ nsọ ọrịa na ndị inyom na infertility.
• Na oké ikpe, a nnọọ abawanye SHCHZ na exophthalmia.

Prevention of ọrịa SHCHZ

The thyroid gland na ya homonụ ịrụ otu ihe dị mkpa ọrụ maka ahụ, otú ị chọrọ iji nyochaa na ọnọdụ nke ahu. Nke a na-eme na-enwe kwa afọ ele ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, ndị dọkịta ga-enye ntụziaka na ultrasound na hormone ule SHCHZ.

Iji gbochie SHCHZ na hormone erughi ọrịa nke ahụ ahụ dị mkpa ka na-agụnye gị nri oriri elu ayodiin. A na-agụnye ihe fọrọ nke nta niile Erimeri (tuna, ndagharị, salmon, oporo, ahịhịa mmiri), mkpụrụ (persimmons, unere, oroma), akwụkwọ nri (eyịm, garlic, sọrel, eggplant). Site na-eso dị mfe ụkpụrụ nduzi, i nwere ike na-adịgide adịgide chebe ahụ ike nke thyroid gland na dum organism.