Triplet - a ọtọ unit ozi a cell

T - bụ unit nke na-agụ ozi site a nucleic acid, nke a ghọtara na translation usoro na cell ribosomes. Nucleotides nke DNA na-ebu ozi banyere koodu protein, n'ihi ya, ọ bụ ihe dị mkpa iji na-agụ ya n'ụzọ ziri ezi, na-enweghị njehie na-adabaghị. N'ihi ya, triplet dị ka otu n'ime Njirimara nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa koodu na-eme ka o kwe omume na-ebunye ikwesị ntụkwasị obi na-kenyere usoro nke amino asịd nke ọdịnihu.

Triplet - a unit nke DNA ọmụma

Nucleic asịd bụ biopolymers nke monomers bụ nucleotides. Adịbeghị anya n'ụdị a na-aga n'ihu yinye mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa ọmụma readout nke na-ewe ke transcription nzọụkwụ. Ugbua ebe a kpebisiri ike DNA ọgụgụ etiti, na nke njikọ nke ozi RNA na ya mere mmalite na rụchaa triplets.

Agụ etiti ga agbanwe agbanwe n'oge transcription, dị ka nke a nwere ike ịchọ wetara esi nke na protein njikọ. Ka ihe atụ, peptide nwere ike shortened, ga-emi esịnede nnọọ a dị iche iche amino acid usoro ihe, ịghọ nwere emerụ mkpụrụ ndụ.

The mkpa edemede na agbasa ozi n'ikuku triplets kwụpụ - kpọmkwem agụ ọmụma si RNA na-etolite isi Ọdịdị nke ahụ protein molekul. Ma mgbe ahụ ajụjụ na-ebilite: nke mere na a triplet? Gịnị mere o ji dị mkpa a onu na ihe ya ndu ọrụ?

Triplet uru protein biosynthesis

The ọmụma kenyere na DNA na mgbe RNA n'ụzọ doro anya ahaziri n'ime iche iche akụkụ. Na-aga n'ihu nucleotides usoro ga-enwe n'ụzọ ụfọdụ agbajikwa ala n'ime ọtọ agba, nke nwere ike hazie protein biosynthesis. Atọ nke a Ụdị - nke a bụ otu ọtọ unit na ndabere nke polypeptide njikọ, na-enweghị nke na-agụ ozi si nucleic acid agaghị ekwe omume.

Triplet ma ọ bụ codon mejupụtara atọ consecutive nucleotides, n'ihu onye ọ bụla ọzọ. Onye ọ bụla n'ime ha-ebu ụzọ amata otu amino acid, nke na-ọnọ via tRNA ka ribosomes n'oge protein biosynthesis.

Ọ bụ na-akpali na otu amino acid nwere ike dabara ọtụtụ dị iche iche codons. Otú ọ dị, otu dị triplet-ebu ụzọ amata otu amino acid. Na unambiguity degeneracy nke mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa koodu bụ ụzọ ọzọ site na nke na-cell aga njikọ nke protein ụmụ irighiri. Ka ihe atụ, amino acid methionine koodu site naanị otu codon Aug (adenin, uracil, Gwanine, karị). A valine, n'aka nke ya, na-kenyere site ọtụtụ triplets, na n'etiti ha, nchikota, GUC, GUA, na GUG.

Nke nucleotides bụ akụkụ nke triplets?

The triplet DNA - bụ a set nke atọ consecutive nucleotides, guzo n'akụkụ ọ bụla ọzọ. Ókè nke ọ bụla codon nditịm ofu dị ka iji gbochie etiti mgbanwe na bụghị guzobere ụdi ntụpọ na-ekwesịghị ịdị na protein. Atọ nke a ụdị - na ọ bụ bayoloji, atọ nucleotides, Otú ọ dị, nucleic asịd iso nke ọtụtụ ụdị nke monomers. Gịnị bụ nucleotides na DNA na RNA?

All ndị monomers nke nucleic asịd na-ekewa abụọ isi iche iche: purine na pyrimidine. Purine bases mejupụtara a ìgwè nke nucleotides esịnede ebe adenin na Gwanine. Ha pụrụ iche mma bụ na molekul emi esịnede abụọ carbon yiri mgbaaka.

Ọzọ ìgwè - ya nucleotides, molekụla ọkpụkpụ nke a na-kpụrụ naanị otu mgbanaka. Dị otú ahụ monomers agụnye-agakọta, na tamin (DNA) na uracil (kama agakọtakwa na RNA).

Na triplet codon - bụ otu?

Echiche nke "codon" a hụrụ na nkọwa nke translation usoro mgbe RNA ụmụ irighiri na-agụ ihe ọmụma banyere amino asịd, nke-aghọ akụkụ nke a ọhụrụ protein. T - a nabatara umu echiche, ọ na-eji na nkọwa nke RNA ọgụgụ etiti ma, mgbe ụfọdụ, na DNA. Ọ bụ ezie na ruo mgbe translation n'ime omume siri ike gwa ebe ókè n'etiti abụọ n'akụkụ triplets, ma na nchepụta a akara bụ mgbe niile na-adịghị agbanwe agbanwe.

N'ezie, a triplet codon, na - na nke a bụ otu ihe ahụ. The naanị ihe dị iche bụ na mgbe okwu "codon" na-eji, na mgbe "triplet". Ọ bụrụ na mbụ nwere ike nụrụ na nkọwa nke Broadcasting, nke abụọ a na-eji na-egosi atọ nucleotides na a nucleic acid.