Irina Antonova: biography, ọrụ na ezinụlọ

Life na mma ya onwe ya, na onye mmasi ndị ọzọ nwere ikwu, ịdị mpako nke ... Irina Antonova, bụbu onyeisi nke ihe ngosi nka aha mgbe A. S. Pushkina, nwere ikike a na-asọpụrụ ndị ọzọ n'ihi na ha na-arụ ọrụ na nke a siri ike post.

Brief biography Iriny Antonovoy

Irina a mụrụ 03/20/1922 na Moscow, na a na ezinụlọ nke nnukwu art ndị hụrụ. Ọ bụ ezie na nna ya, bụ Aleksandr Aleksandrovich, a mbụ revolutionary, bụ naanị onye na-ịhụnanya ya nke ụlọ ihe nkiri bụ a omiiko na Site n'ibu nwaanyị. Site n'aka nne ya Ida Mikhailovna, musician, piano, ọ ketara a ịhụnanya nke music. My nna bụghị naanị mmasị nkiri (ọbụna o wee akụkụ ke amu amu nwetara), ma na-na iko ụlọ ọrụ, nke bụ ezi ndị na-ọkpụkpọ.

N'ihi ọhụrụ ọrụ Irina Antonova nna na nne na nna ya si na 1929 ka 1933. M bi na Germany, ebe ọ gụrụ akwụkwọ German asụsụ zuru ezu na-agụ German ochie na mbụ. Mgbe ndị Nazi bịara ike Anton ezinụlọ laghachi Soviet Union.

Mgbe ụlọ akwụkwọ sekọndrị, Irina banyere Institute of History, Philosophy na Literature na Moscow, nke a na-emechi mgbe agha malitere. Irina gụsịrị nọọsụ ọmụmụ na agha na-arụ ọrụ n'ụlọ ọgwụ.

Mgbe agha, Irina Antonova gụsịrị akwụkwọ na alụmdi na kpuchie nke Moscow State University, nke ọ na e zigara, malite n'otu oge na-arụ ọrụ ma na-amụta na ihe ngosi nka aha mgbe A. S. Pushkina, nke n'oge ahụ a post-gụsịrị akwụkwọ N'ezie. Iche iche Antonova - Italian art nke Renaissance.

Na 1961, ka a agadi na nkà mmụta sayensị na-arụ nke ngosi nka, na ọ natara a nomination maka post of ya director, onye were ihe karịrị afọ 40.

Òtù Ọlụlụ - Evsey Iosifovich Rotenberg (1920-2011), nkà akụkọ ihe mere eme, ka anya na-arụ ọrụ na Institute of History of Art, PhD. Ọkpara Iriny Antonovoy - Boris - mụrụ na 1954. Mgbe ọ bụ 7 afọ, ọ dara ọrịa, mgbe nke na ọ dịghị mgbe gbakee. Ònye nọ na-akpali nanị a ngwọrọ. Nke a bụ ibu arọ ọ bụla nne, ọ bụghị isịneke - na Irina Antonova. Ọkpara Boris na-arịa ọrịa n'ihi na ihe karịrị afọ 40.

Employment na ngosi nka na 1960

Fọrọ nke nta niile oge Irina ewepụtara ngosi nka, nke a adịghị mfe n'oge ọnọdụ na-achọghị, mgbe art e nanị iji na ito n'ime otu mme echiche. Iji jikwaa, ka naanị hazie ihe ngosi na Museum of Western Art, ọ chọrọ ụfọdụ obi ike, mgbe ndị obodo nwere iwu nke nnyocha.

Ya-arụ ọrụ na afọ 60 nwere ike na-akpọ obi ike na-achọpụta ihe ọhụrụ dị ka Western art, karịsịa dịkọrọ ndụ nkà, ọ bụ na ihu ọma na Soviet ọchịchị. N'ime afọ ndị a, na-aga megide uche nke Minista Culture Furtsevoy na party na ndọrọ ndọrọ ọchịchị, o ji dị otú ahụ a obi ike show, na show na-arụ ọrụ Tischler, na Matisse. Na ìhè ya n'aka na ihe ngosi nka e ẹkenịmde musical mgbede, nke dara Stravinsky, Schnittke, Rachmaninov, ma ha anaghị ekwu banyere Soviet na-edu ndú.

Ọbụna oge a, ọ ka ẹkenam Vipperovskie agụ ewepụtara ya bụbu onye nkụzi na-elekọta ọrụ nke ngosi nka Whipper BR

Pushkin Museum na 1970

Irina Antonova aghọwo nwoke zuru reorganization nke Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na ihe ngosi ẹkenịmde n'okpuru onye nduzi.

N'ihi ya e ẹkenịmde enwetụbeghị ụdị n'oge nke ngosi - n'otu ụlọ na-etinye ọrụ nke ndị mba ọzọ na anụ ụlọ portraitists. Ọbịa nwere ike na-ahụ ma jiri ndị ọrụ, dị ka Serov na Renoir n'otu oge.

N'afọ 1974, Irina Antonova, siri ọnwụ na site na ihe ngosi nka nke nkwakọba e wepụrụ ma na-etinye na ngosi eserese Western European nka site na ịnakọta nke mbụ patrons Shchukin na Ivan Morozov. Ha dina n'ime ụlọ ahịa ruo ọtụtụ iri afọ na ekele Irine Aleksandrovne ha ekenyela weghachiri ụlọ nke abụọ nke ụlọ nke ụlọ nke Pushkin Museum.

Ke mbubreyo 70 malitere a imekọ ihe ọnụ na ngosi ihe mgbe ochie na ngosi nke Western mba. N'ihi ọrụ, nke e ekenịmde Irina Antonova, ngosi ihe mgbe ochie "Underground" (New York), na mba ndị ọzọ na-enwe ike nye ọrụ oké nka na ngosi Soviet ekiri.

Museum n'oge nwughari

Na 80s na 90s na-eweta a ọhụrụ larịị nke Irina Antonova, na Pushkin Museum. Ngosi nke ihe osise malitere ịnabata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke zuru ụwa ọnụ pụtara. N'ihi ya, ihe ngosi "Moscow-Paris" e kwuru ihe omume nke narị afọ nke 20, ebe ọ bụ na mbụ gosipụtawo na-arụ ọrụ Kazimira Malevicha, Kandinsky, na ndị ọzọ nkiri bụ ndị na iwu na Soviet Union.

Yana ngosi Irina Alexandrovna ike gaa ọtụtụ mba izute pụtara ìhè ndị mmadụ n'ebe ahụ, ọ bụ kechioma eso ndị ọzọ site na Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na nke onye m hụrụ n'anya Pushkin Museum: Mitterrand, Rockefeller, Chirac, Juan Carlos, Oppenheimer, eze na nwunye eze nke Netherlands.

Na-adọta ndị ọha na eze na ihe ngosi nka, o nwere mgbe niile na-n'ịwa echiche ọhụrụ. N'ihi ya, echiche na-ikpokọta music na ezi nkà na-eto n'ime a nkwonkwo kere Antonova Richter "December mgbede".

Great egwú na-egwuri na Ụlọ Nzukọ Alaeze na nke ewumewu, nke wetara a dum ọzọ larịị ke anya nke ụwa, na nwale nke ọrụ nke Soviet ọha ngosi nka na omenala ndụ nke mba.

"Gold nke Schliemann"

Otu n'ime ndị kasị controversial ngosi Museum of Fine Arts aha mgbe A. S. Pushkina bụ ihe ngosi na 1996, "Gold nke Troy". Ọtụtụ Western na Russian nka kweere na a ngosi e emebiela ya biography. Antonovoy Irine ebubo zoro eziokwu banyere exported ke 1945 site na Germany Troy gold, nke na mbụ na Soviet Union kwuru na ọ dịghị mmekọrita ya.

Juu ke Soviet akụkọ ihe mere eme bụ ihe karịrị ezuru, ma na-emekarị mere ụkpụrụ laghachikwara n'ala nna ha. N'ihi ya, ọ na ọrụ nke na Dresden Gallery atụ.

The eziokwu na gold e napụrụ ụlọ ahịa ka ọha na eze, bụ a ji ọhara nke mkpughe ọhụrụ Russian ọchịchị.

jubilii ngosi nka

Na 1998, e mere ememe ya a nnukwu narị afọ ibe edokọbara Museum nke Pushkin. Na 1898, na-ebikwasị mbụ nkume e gara site Nicholas II. The ememe a na-Bolshoi Ụlọ ihe nkiri, na kwuru a magburu egwu nke kasị mma egwú, abụ abụ na dancers.

Ekele ya director nke Pushkin Museum guzo otu n'usoro na ndị dị otú ahụ dị ịrịba ama "na-ekpo ọkụ tụrụ" nke omenala, dị ka Louvre, na hermitage, Obodo Ukwu, na Prado, na British Museum na ndị ọzọ.

Pushkin Museum na narị afọ iri ọhụrụ

Ebe ọ bụ na mmalite nke ọhụrụ na narị afọ, ọtụtụ mgbanwe ndị na-eme ihe ngosi nka. Ya mere, ọ ka toro ukwu ekele Irina Alexandrovna. Na ókèala e nwere ọhụrụ ngosi ihe mgbe ochie - na Impressionists, onwe collections, Ụmụaka Center. Ma, dị ka onye nduzi, nke a bụ ezughị. Ọ bụrụ na anyị na-atụle na collection nke Pushkin Museum nwere ihe karịrị 600 000 ọrụ nkà, nke ikiri ụlọ gụrụ naanị 1.5%, mgbe ahụ, iji mezue ọrụ dị mkpa na-ewu a ngosi nka nke obodo.

On ngosi nka nke mgbasa e wepụtara, nke mere na, na oge, na ọ bụ nnọọ ike na ha bụ ezigbo obodo nke na nkà na omenala.

Family Irina Antonova

A obere ezinụlọ, Otú ọ dị, nke dị oké mkpa, karịsịa Boris Antonov maka nwa ya nwoke, Irina Antonova. The nkà nwata, ọ bụ ụtọ na ha ịga nke ọma nne na nna ma ọtụtụ poems site obi, mepụtara ngwa ngwa. N'oge ndị ahụ, mgbe nwa mbụ a mụrụ nne na nna bụ ndị na-elekọta 30, e weere ya mbubreyo.

Irina Antonova nwa malitere ịrịa ọrịa mgbe ọ dị afọ asaa. Mgbe ahụ, dị ka ya onwe-ekweta, ọ bụla nsogbu na nsogbu malitere iyi obere na-adịghị mkpa ka ya.

Ọgwụgwọ si kasị mma dọkịta bụghị aka, na ugbu a Boris - njigide ngwọrọ. Irina na-enwe olileanya na a ga-ndị ga-elekọta nwa ya nwoke, mgbe ọ na-arahụ. Taa Antonova 93 afọ ma ọ bụ ifịk, ihe nzube nwaanyị ka na-arụ ọrụ.

Ugbu a, ọ bụ president nke Museum nke Pushkin na-aga n'ihu ifịk ifịk na-ekere òkè ná ndụ ya. Ọ na-bụ otu nke councilors President nke Russian Federation.

Enen

Taa n'azụ Irina Alexandrovna karịa 100 akwụkwọ, ọrụ na ngosi nka, a nnukwu onyinye omenala development nke mba. N'ihi ya rụzuru ọ e ọdịda nke Order nke October mgbanwe, Red Banner of Labor, "N'ihi na Service na patronymic" 1 na 2 degrees, ọ bụ a zuru so na Russian academies na Madrid, nwere French Order of Ọchịagha nke Arts na Letters na Italian "N'ihi Enen".

Ọ bụghị naanị na a oké director nke ngosi nka, ma duru ozizi na Institute of Oriental Asụsụ na Paris, na nkà akụkọ ihe mere eme ngalaba na Moscow State University, na Institute of eju.

N'ihi na afọ 12, Antonov bụ osote onyeisi oche nke Council nke Museums na UNESCO, ma ugbu a ọ bụ ihe ùgwù so. Ọnụ na pụtara ìhè omenala ọgụgụ nke mba ahụ bụ a na-adịgide adịgide so na juri nke onwe ha mpi 'Triumph ".

Ya na mgbe Irina mgbe niile na-aga ihe nkiri egwú, concerts na ọgbọ egwuregwu. Àgwà ugboro abụọ n'izu iji gaa omenala arụmọrụ kụnyere n'ime nne na nna ya dị ka a na nwa. Ọ hụrụ balet, music, nkiri, obi ụtọ na ọkwọ ụgbọala. Na ụgbọ ala Irina Antonova akpọ ya ike.