Machine egbe Goryunova: atụmatụ na foto

7.62mm Goryunov (SG-43) bụ a Soviet igwe egbe obere akpaka ngwá agha sample 1943 n'ịnyịnya na wheeled igwe, swivels na armored ugbo ala.

Gịnị nwere ike dochie "Maxim"?

Site na mmalite nke World War II nsogbu nke ngwá bipu support battalion larịị - igwe egbe - e edozi. "Maxim" guzo na ogwe aka nke Red Army nwere ọtụtụ ịrịba-adịghị emezi emezi, iji merie na bụ ekwe omume. The isi otu bụ nnukwu ibu igwe egbe - .. Ewepụ Ihe Mgbochi, ie jupụtara na mmiri na ebubo, arọ ya bụ 63 n'arọ. Adịghị tinye mmiri jụrụ ụlọ ọrụ na "Maxim", n'ihi ya esi achọta mmiri n'ọgbọ agha na-esikarị ike, ma ọ bụrụ na-agaghị ekwe omume. Ke adianade do, iberibe na mgbọ na-adị mfe mebiri emebi casing, na-eme ya unusable.

Mbụ atụmatụ dochie a na igwe egbe "Maxim" DS-39 nlereanya emejuputa e, t. Iji. Agha e mgbagwoju anya na mmepụta na ọrụ, na-apụghị ịdabere na ala okpomọkụ na ájá. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, DC-39 napụrụ ahịa.

mgbanwe SHG

Na May 1942, ọ malitere ịzụlite a ọhụrụ Ọdịdị n'okpuru egbe 7.62 mm katrij. E kemfe SHG, nke na 1940 ọma gafere ule na mmepụta.

Goryunov igwe egbe e mepụtara na Kovrov Mechanical Plant Peter Maksimovich Goryunov, nwa nwanne ya Michael, nakwa dị ka a ukwu Vasiliem Voronkovym osisi. The mkpụrụedemede nke surnames - SHG - na na aha ya bụ na ngwá agha.

Ma Red Army choro easel nhọrọ na Goryunov egbe imeghari aga-eme ọhụrụ.

ịga nke ọma ule

Mgbe mmezu nke factory ule na njedebe nke 1942 ihe kwalite version e mere ego nke 50 iberibe, 45 bụ ndị e zigara ndị agha ya. The results gosikwara na-nti. Mgbe wepụ ihe na kwuru na erughị eru na mbubreyo mmiri nke 1943 egbe Goryunov ọ abuana ke ala ule. Isi osompi nke SHG e kwalite DC-43, nakwa dị ka ngwá agha, arụpụtara ke Germany, dị ka otu nhọrọ maka akwa alterations nke German mg-34 ụlọ maka na Mosin égbè na ya ụdi doo site Red Army. Otú ọ dị, ọ bịara doo anya na Soviet égbè katrij-eji na ọ na-apụghị ịbụ n'ihi na ọnụnọ nke egbugbere ọnụ. Machine egbe Goryunova karịa ugboro ugboro weghaara samples na lt-43 maka ndị dị otú ahụ dị oké egwu kwa ka anwụ ngwa ngwa na n'ụzọ ziri ezi.

Mgbe imete ndị pụta nke ule Degtyaryov Stalin onwe obi ike nke kara nke nlereanya Goryunov, na mkpa iji ya na osisi. Ke adianade do, mmebe kere a osompi maka a ọhụrụ igwe, nke malitere na-emepụta na ọhụrụ ngwá agha.

Malite nke mmepụta

14.05.43, na State Defense Committee kpebiri ịmụta Goryunova egbe (foto nyere ke ibuotikọ) na wheel igwe. N'ihi ya mmepụta na Kovrov n'ibu osisi maka abụọ na ọkara ọnwa, a iche iche ngalaba e wuru. Na mgbụsị akwụkwọ 1943 akpa ogbe nke ngwá agha e rụrụ, na-esote afọ, ndị nke e gbasaa ikike Zlatoust osisi №54.

N'otu oge ahụ, Mmepe na Garanin Seleznev e mere a dị mfe wheeled igwe, àjà ndị kasị mma arụmọrụ mgbe na-arụ ọrụ ndị tara akpụ.

Na ngụkọta, ruo na nsọtụ nke agha ya na-emepụta ma nyefee karịa 80 puku Red Army egbe Goryunov.

ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe

The ike egbe propellant, haruru mee, ọwa ekenyela si brainstem. Igbochi ikpeazụ mere a n'aka nri ụzọ ámá misalignment.

N'oge na-agba eruba n'ime propellant, haruru na-ikpe ibugharị site azuokokoosisi oghere na gas-ulo na ígwè obibi na pistin nke retracts na bolt ụgbọelu. ndị shutter adịghị akpali ruo oge mgbo ụzọ ọpụpụ, igbochi ogwe na-egbochi penetration nke gas n'ime igbe.

Mgbe a bullet-efe efe nke gbọmgbọm, na-akpụ akpụ akụkụ nke igwe egbe na-aga n'ihu ime ka backward, compressing opupu ihe ubi. Mgbe ahụ shutter azuokokoosisi unlocks ọwa; Ọ na-amịpụtara si ulo liner. The mgbọ ọkọnọ nke metal ma ọ bụ kwaaji belt abatakwa ogwe igbe window. Site na ya na-ejected katrij. Na slide usoro pụtara na rịbọn oriri cartridges erite na a hinged mkpuchi, ngwa ngwa overcharging.

Ọ bụrụ na nko na-enwe ndị shutter, n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá etiti n'okpuru spring rushes na-atụ na-enweghị fọdụrụ rearmost ọnọdụ. Shutter pushes katrij si na windo igbe na esiwe na a ga-zigara ya n'ime-ulo. N'ịga akụkụ iru ịgba ọnọdụ; valvụ azuokokoosisi nkanka ọwa. The elu protrusion nke bolt nwere a striker, amị mgbanwe shot na sear. Mgbe usoro a ugboro ugboro.

Fanye handle sikwa si n'okpuru akara mkpisi mgbe égbè anọgide anyịnya.

Ịgbazi akpaka ngwá agha rụrụ a atọ ọnọdụ gas regulator. Air jụrụ 500 na-enye ohere na-emepụta na-aga n'ihu N'ọgbụgba égbè gbaa. Na nkịtị mode, égbè na-eme na-adịghị-achịkwaghị achịkwa ruo 30 gbaa. Goryunova igwe egbe SG-43 nwere a firing ọnụego nke 250-300 agba / nkeji. Kennyeghari gbọmgbọm na flash hider nwere a handle na-eme ka ọ dịrị ya mfe na-ebu na nnọchi, nke anaghị gafere 7-8.

The mgbọ ọkọnọ

Agbapụ na mere mgbọ arr. 1908 na 1930., nke-anọgide na ịkwụsị ike nke niile ụgbọ elu oge na a anya nke 3800 m. The ike nke ígwè bullet na 1908 bụ hà 3511 J na 1930 ka 3776 J. nri mere si metal mpe mpe akwa 250 cartridges (5 x 50 ) pịnye DS-39 ma ọ bụ kwaaji si "Maxim" 200 PC. na nri ọkọnọ. Ọ bụ ezie na a elu ndepụta ọnụego mgbe ụfọdụ so a transverse izu iche iche, ha ime ihe obere ugboro ugboro karịa igwe egbe Degtyarev.

usoro nduzi

Nlegharị anya SG-43 na-agụnye iti ofufe na tụgharịa n'anya. Nke ikpeazụ na-agụnye a isi mwekota dum etiti, na na mmiri. On eku abụọ akpịrịkpa na-etinyere. Ekpe mere maka cartridges mgbọ na 1908 na-enye gị ohere ka ndị anya na 2 thous. M. kpọrọ akwụkwọ ozi "L" na nọmba 0-20. Right ọnụ ọgụgụ bụ maka a bullet katrij na Mr na 1930 na-enye ohere ka ndị anya ma gụọ 2.3 puku. M. Gosiri na akwụkwọ ozi "T" na nọmba 0-23. On ogidi etinyere ize ndụ. Ka ịwụnye n'azụ nke mwekota na abụọ nke isi ihe ize ndụ na-akara ise nkewa nke mpụta mmegharị. Otu akara kwekọrọ puku nso.

Machine egbe Goryunova usoro a na calibrated site firing na trimmed 4th kwụ n'ahịrị mmezi iche, nakwa dị ka nwa rektangulu size 20x30 cm na ọta ọcha 1x1 m. Nso si otú a setịpụrụ 100 m, n'anya na-n'elu ekpe ọnụ ọgụgụ 3 na cartridges na-eji na a ìhè bullet.

-emegide ugbo elu n'anya

Ebumnobi na ikuku na-ekwu site n'ihu set ka "Gorunov" zenith-kwekọọ crosshair, gbakọọ na ikuku akpọkwa na a anya nke bụghị ihe karịrị 1 kilometa, nke-akpali na a ọsọ adịghị nnọọ 600 km / h. Mgbe ọ hụrụ nwere n'ihu ma n'azụ viewfinders na isi. The n'ihu na-mejupụtara anọ concentric yiri mgbaaka nke a okirikiri nke 20-80 mm na increments nke 20 mm, nzube nke bụ oke nke tupu emption. Ọzọkwa, na center ọ nwere a n'anya mgbanaka na-eje ozi maka ntọala ma ogbe. The n'azụ mee nke na obi ụtọ ịghasa na kpochidoro mmezi guzoro. The pụrụ iche àgwà nke n'anya bụ echichi nke abụọ reticles na eku, ejikọta ha n'ime otu Ọdịdị na-enye mgbe niile nke ọdịda ya: ọ ga-ugboro ugboro wepụrụ, apịaji na arụnyere na-enweghị na-enye nsogbu ntọala.

Jiri na ọgụ

Goryunov igwe egbe banyere ọrụ ke ini utọ 1943. Na bipu battalions nke ngwá agha nwetara n'ime mmalite oge okpomọkụ nke n'otu afọ. Ọ e ji see emeghe dị iche iche nke ndị agha na ngwá agha ndị iro ọkụ na anya ruo 1 km.

The ịga nke ọma nke "Goryunov" na-alụ ọgụ akpatre oge nke agha ruru ya ìhè ibu: ọ bụ 6.5 n'arọ Mkpa ọkụ karịa "Maxim", na crawler igwe - 25 n'arọ.

Mgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na igwe egbe e kwalite na renamed SGM (the "M" - modernized). Ọ a mma na-echebe usoro si ájá na ajụkwa gbọmgbọm, na a ámá ọhụrụ e arụnyere. E a tank variant SGMT.

Key Atụmatụ

Isi kwa egbe bụ:

• Arọ: 13.5 n'arọ.
• Machine ibu: 23,4 n'arọ.
• Ogologo: 1140 mm.
• Gbọmgbọm ogologo: 720 mm.
• Firing nso (L / T): 2000/2300 m.
• Ekechila ọnụ ike ọsọ (L / T) X 865/800 m / s.
• Rate ọkụ: 700 agba / min
• Rate: max. 350 agba / min.

SG-43 e exported n'ọtụtụ ebe, iji nye ikikere Nlụpụta ya n'ọtụtụ mba. Na China "Gorunov" na-emepụta n'okpuru aha Type 53, Czechoslovakia - ma Vz 43, Poland (Wz 43) na na South Africa (SS-77).