Ogbunigwe abụọ World War - na Soviet Union na German. Iji ngwa agha n'oge Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ. "Katyusha" - World War II ngwa agha

Ogbunigwe nke World War II ndị a egwu ogbunigwe ngwá agha ike nke na-egbu na ogologo na obere anya, ọ bụla onye iro firing ihe. Ruru ya kpụrụ nke dị iche iche na caliber ngwa agha nrụnye, agha ọzọ nwere ike ịga nke ọma obibi ọ bụla ọgụ aga-eme.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke agha na ngwá agha

Back na 1904 na-agbachitere nke Port Arthur Russian ọrụ S. na L. Vlasevym Gotyabo e kere ọhụrụ ogbunigwe egbe na a obere gbọmgbọm n'ụdị a tube. 47-mm naval egbe e zubere maka olulu ọkụ na onye iro zaa. Nso nke ụgbọ elu nke ndị dị otú a owuwu bụ obere, naanị 400-500 mita.

Mgbe e mesịrị ogbunigwe First World War e ji mee ka dị irè n'aka miri dọrọ n'agha. Ma ka oge na-, ọ bụ onye dị elu mepụtara aghọwo a egwu ngwá agha. Ogbunigwe nke World War II me a mfịna ka German agha.

Modern udi ngwa agha bụ n'ihi mbụ sample Stokes aghụghọ. Nke a anwụrụ-azuokokoosisi na ahụ e ji ebu bipedal support na-ezu ike na a ewepụghị metal efere nke damps si shot n'ala.

Na afọ ole na ole tupu agha na Germany, ndị ọchịchị Soviet e aggressively launching uka mmepụta nke ọnụ na mfe mmezi ogbunigwe egbe, kwere na ọ ga-eji dochie a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ogbunigwe ngwá agha. N'ihi nke a, ọ na-e kwụsịtụrụ mmepụta nke akpaka bombu obubata Taubina na mgbe kenkwucha ule na 1937 eguzobewo onwe ya dị ka ihe magburu onwe ọgụ hinged pịnye ngwá agha.

Ngwa agha-shọvel caliber 37mm

Na 1938, karịsịa maka bipu nkeji mepụtara fechaa ngwa agha 37mm caliber. Na-ede nke ọgụ unit bụ M. G. Dyakonov, ama mmebe nke bọmbụ na mgbọ maka ogbunigwe. Ọzọkwa, ha na e mepụtara: a n'aka bombu RGD-33 égbè bombu.

Na ubi ọnọdụ, 37-mm ngwa agha nwere ike iji tụnyere ihe ndị nkịtị shọvel. Agbapụ nke ụdị ngwá agha e mere Claymore m. Baptism ọkụ ngwa agha Dyakonova natara na Finnish mkpọsa.

N'ụzọ dị mwute, nso na izi ezi nke ngwá agha ndị a hapụrụ dị ka ọ chọrọ. N'ihi na ala arụmọrụ nke 37-caliber ngwa agha, e kpebiri na-adọ ma wepụrụ si Red Army. Ma ndụ kpebiri dị iche iche. The ojiji nke ogbunigwe na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ 37 mm caliber hụrụ ya ngwa. Oyi nke 1942, ekele nkwado nke ọku ogbunigwe Dyakonova, paratroopers nke 4th Air agha ọma parachuted na Vyazma ebe nke obodo.

The arụmọrụ e ji mara nke ogbunigwe caliber 37:

• Caliber egbe - 37 mm.
• Arọ - 2.4 n'arọ.
• Airspeed mines - 65-70 m / s.
• Kacha nta iche - 60 m.
• The iche iche nke kacha elu nke m - 250 m.
• Projectile arọ (mines) - 0,5 n'arọ.

Ngwa agha ụlọ ọrụ ọchịagha nke na 1938 na 1940. (Caliber 50 mm)

Serial mmepụta nke ogbunigwe na oru Soviet agbachitere ụlọ ọrụ na 1939. The Mmepụta bụ ibuo imewe Bureau, gawa site B. I. Shavyrinym. Schematically, na ngwa agha bụ ndokwa na ihe e chepụtara echepụta triangle. Gbọmgbọm-pipe ọku Monitors na bipod na a na-ebuli usoro ndị na otu akụkụ nke a triangle, na nke atọ bụ chepụtara echepụta akara n'etiti nkwado na egbe ji ebu.

Atụmatụ ụlọ ọrụ ọchịagha ngwa agha 50mm caliber site na 1938:

• Caliber - 50 mm.
• Arọ - 17 n'arọ.
• Airspeed mines - 95 m / s.
• The kacha nso nke ogbugba - 800 m.
• Rate - 32 gbaa kwa nkeji.
• Projectile arọ (mines) - 0,85 n'arọ.

N'ọdịnihu, imewe a mma na KB VN Shamarina. Na na 1940, e wepụtara a ọhụrụ version nke 50-mm ngwa agha ọnọdụ. Dị ka nke June 22, 1941 50-mm ngwa agha egbe na-ewu ewu na Red Army, ha na ọnụ ọgụgụ ruru banyere 24 nde nkeji. Karịsịa ewu ewu ndị a ogbunigwe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ na-eji.

Site na njedebe nke 1943 nwere obere agha nkeji eji ụdị ngwá agha. Ihe kpatara ya bụ eziokwu ahụ bụ na a obere iche iche nke ọku ruru naanị 800 mita, nke mere ngwa agha mgbawa dị ka nso dị ka o kwere na onye iro ọnọdụ. N'ihi na nke a, agha nkeji ahụhụ multiple ọnụ. Karịsịa ewu ụdị ngwa agha na-eji na echichi nke ndị agha okpuru, onye ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke agha ya e ji mee ya ngwá.

Battalion 82 mm ngwa agha

Na 1936 ọ na-e edise ke Red Army ngwa agha Mbido mepụtara na na Leningrad SKB-4, n'okpuru nduzi nke di Shavyrina. Ya baptism nke ọkụ 82 millimeter ngwa agha ẹkenịmde n'oge agha na Khalkhin-, gosipụtara onwe ya dị ka a pụrụ ịdabere na agha ngwá agha ike ọkụkụ iro zaa na ogologo nso. N'ọdịnihu, ndị a ogbunigwe iberibe na-modernized.

Ka ihe atụ, ọhụrụ nsụgharị nke 82-mm ngwa agha pụtara kwa afo maka niile agha arụmọrụ. Ndị a ogbunigwe WWII ozi n'ikwesị ntụkwasị obi ruo ọtụtụ afọ na-abịa. Ma agha ọrụ Soviet agha na-enweghị ngwá agha ndị a.

Ihe ịga nke ọma n'iji ogbunigwe na Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ a caliber ka pụtara na ha na-a prototype nke a fechaa version nke ngwa agha "tree" nke sample na 1981.

ngwá agha Wehrmacht

German World War II mines maka ogbunigwe mere nke dị iche iche calibres, dị ka ọgụ ngwá ngwa agha Wehrmacht osisi nwere a ole na ole mgbanwe - 50-mm na 81-mm samples 1936 na 1932 karị.

N'ihi na ụfọdụ nkọwa ogbunigwe Wehrmacht karịrị ha Soviet ogbo. Ọ bụghị aka, ndị agha Germany ịrụ ya isi ọrụ - iji merie agha. Ọ bụ ihe kwesịrị ịrịba ama na weghaara German World War II ogbunigwe caliber 81 na-eji ndị Soviet agha, na mgbe mmeri. Site n'ụzọ, ruo 1955.

Rọketi ogbunigwe WWII

Eziokwu ahụ bụ na Red Army, e nwere otu ihe na-enwetụbeghị ụdị ike nke ngwá agha, ndị Germany na mụtara ná mmalite nke agha.

First ọgụ unit ugboelu ogbunigwe n'okpuru Captain Flerov mesoo a oke igbu ka nodal Orsha ebe July 14, 1941. Dị ka ihe àmà nke na-anwụghị nke ndị Nazi, na ụgbọ okporo ígwè nkwụsị ọ dara a n'ezie firestorm. ugboelu mkpọ ogbunigwe gburu abụghị shells, na stuffed na incendiary. The German ọrụ na agha ọkụ n'ala n'okpuru ụkwụ ha.

Na ama nke ama ama "Katyusha" n'otu ntabi gbasaa gafee n'ihu. Anyị maara banyere ya na ndị nọ n'azụ. Mines maka ogbunigwe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ mere mba ahụ dum. Single motto maka dum bi na ama: "Ihe nile maka n'ihu, ihe niile n'ihi na mmeri."

Nzuzo "Katyusha" - World War II ngwa agha

Ihe bụ isi na-achị nke-eche ha nche ogbunigwe - a zoro ezo na-arụ nke ọgụ ọnọdụ. Movement naanị na urukpuru ihu igwe ma n'abalị, nke mere na onye iro nwere ike ịchọpụta. Na gburugburu ebe obibi ikpe dị ka e chere. Onye ọ bụla ụgbọ ala ama mined, na nwetụrụ iyi egwu nke kpọọ osisi ga-ewe ezigbo. Ọ bụ n'ọnọdụ dị otú ahụ, onyeisi nwụrụ Flyorova batrị ọnụ na ọchịagha ha.

Na 1942, ndị Germany ka jisiri jidere a ọgụ igwe, ma a ngwá agha, dị ka "Katyusha", ha ịga nke ọma. Soviet agha ụlọ ọrụ bụ mgbe niile na-amụba mmepụta nke reactive ogbunigwe.

Allied Help

Malite na 1943 Soviet rọketi ogbunigwe World War II, ọ e debere bụghị naanị na anụ ụlọ ụgbọala ZIS-6 crawler traktọ STZ-5, ma natara n'okpuru ibinye-mgbazinye-ụzọ ugbo ala "Ford", "Austin" na "Studebaker." Ezubere maka "Katyusha" na a ọhụrụ mgbọ.

Karịsịa, roket launchers natara a nnukwu 300-millimeter shells. Ha na-zubere maka a mma-e wusiri ike iji chebe onwe owuwu. Dị ka a na-achị, "Katyusha" see n'ámá. Otú ọ dị, e nwere ọnọdụ ụfọdụ mgbe launchers nwere ga-eji ndị ọzọ na nzube.

The agha na mepere emepe ọnọdụ

Ihe atụ, n'oge Vistula-akpasu iwe inwere site na 8 mita mgbidi Poznanskaya citadel ebubo elu ike projectiles launchers akpọrepu on kpọmkwem ọkụ. Firing nso "Katyusha" bụ anọ na ọkara kilomita, na na mgbe oghere nso - nanị otu. Agbapụ na a nta anya bụ nanị agaghị ekwe omume.

O sina dị, ndị nche-minomotchiki jisiri imeghari ya ngwá agha dị ike maka na-alụkarị ọgụ. Si Moscow na Berlin-eche ha nche "Katyusha" - a ngwa agha nke World War II - ka keere òkè n'ụzọ niile agha arụmọrụ.

Site na njedebe nke agha bụ BM-13 ngwá agha ọgwụrụ. The mbụ ekele na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya bụ na August 1943, mgbe ntọhapụ nke Orel na Belgorod. Ọ ghọrọ onye nkuzi mgbamejije nke mbụ volleys nke "Katyusha" na July 1941.

na-akpali eziokwu

Ọ maara na ndị ogbunigwe kemgbe Agha Ụwa nke Abụọ bụghị nanị bibie ala zaa.

Na 1942, n'oge na-agbachitere Sevastopol Junior Lieutenant Vladimir Simonok a kpọmkwem hit si a 82 mm ngwa agha gbara ala a German "Junkers" ala-efe efe n'elu ọnọdụ nke Soviet agha. Ọ bụ nanị ihe omume na Great Agha Ịhụ Mba n'Anya, mgbe a ngwa agha gbuo ngụkọta oge nke ikuku iro igwe. N'oge a dị egwu shot onyeisi Vladimir Polikarpovich Simonku ọdịda aha dike nke Soviet Union. N'ụzọ dị mwute, onyeisi e gburu na otu 1942, ịgbachitere Sevastopol.

agha Statistics

Ọ bụ na-akpali tụnyere, na a Nkezi nke ogbunigwe Soviet World War II nyere, e jiri ya tụnyere ndị ọzọ. Ya mere, ndị ọnụ ọgụgụ:

• United States wepụtara na oge site na July 1940 na July 1945 banyere 111 puku nkeji nke na ngwá agha.
• British agbachitere ụlọ ọrụ niile oge, na nke a 1939-1944 gg., Agbala 97 puku ogbunigwe na ngwá agha na nke a na klas.
• Germany kemgbe mmalite nke 1941 na ruo mgbe ufọt ufọt 1944 jisiri kwadebe ndị agha ya ihe fọrọ nke nta 70 puku ngwa agha osisi.
• The Soviet Union si 1 July 1941 30 June 1945 mere ka 348 000 ngwa agha egbe nke dị iche iche calibers.

A na ọnụ ọgụgụ na-egosi na ogbunigwe Soviet World War II, dị nnọọ ewu ewu na mere ihe bara oké uru onyinye merie Nazi Germany.