"Walter" - a pneumatic egbe. Egbe "Walther P-38"

Walther P38 - ọ bụ onwe-loading egbe 9-millimeter caliber emepụta Germany. Na-ekwe nkwa ndụ nke 10 000 gbaa. Ọ e mepụtara ngwá agha Thuringia, n'obodo Zella-Mehlis, ụlọ ọrụ "Walter K. Vaffenfabrik".

Provenance

Na 1936 Fritz Walter g. Ọnụ na engineer Fritz Barthlemensom e nwetara a patent na a usoro maka kpochidoro ọwa ogwe. Ya ụkpụrụ nke ime ihe bụ na ọnụnọ nke n'usoro na vetikal ụgbọelu nke lash. Nke a na mmepe bụ mmalite nke ọgbọ ọhụrụ nke German agha obere égbè n'okpuru "Walter" ika. The mbụ mmejuputa iwu-nke usoro e emejuputa atumatu-anọ n'onwe imepụta ngwá agha. Otú ọ dị, ihe ịga nke ọma, mmejuputa iwu nke usoro e rụrụ bụghị ozugbo. Kpọkwasịwo ya anọ ọma variant nzukọ, nke na-eji a zoro ezo akpalite na ụdị. Mgbe nke a nlereanya eyi 1929 e bipụta. Ọ gbanwere fuuz imewe na akpalite na usoro. Ugbu a ọ na-na-emeghe ọnọdụ nke akpalite. Na 1938, a German egbe "Walter" e kuchiri site njikere agha nke Germany. Ya iji bụ zuru ebe nile, na-emecha fọrọ nke nta kpamkpam dochie "Luger Parabellum,". "Walther P-38" ghọọ ihe ndị kasị zuru ebe nile ngwá agha nke German agha. Ya mmepụta, na mgbakwunye na ókèala nke atọ Reich, e nwekwara ike Belgium na Czechoslovakia. Iji belata mgbagwoju anya nke n'ichepụta usoro n'oge agha ahụ, na karịsịa ya 2nd ọkara, mmepụta technology, "Walther P-38" e mfe. Ngwá agha afọ nwere a rougher imecha na imewe enweghị katrij egosi. Dị ka a lụtara egbe "Walther P-38" na-eji na Red Army, partisans na agha nke ụfọdụ mba ndị ọzọ nke na-emegide Hitler mmekota.

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke agha oge

Mgbe agha, ogwe aka mmepụta ke Germany ruo ogologo oge, ọ kwụsịrị. Ọ bụghị arụpụtara na egbe "Walter" (alụ ọgụ). Production maliteghachiri na ókèala nke Federal Republic of Germany nanị na 1957 n'okpuru aha "P-1" by Walther anapụta ndị Bundeswehr. Ebe ọ bụ na 1957, anyị na-emepụta abụọ ụdị: egbe "Walther PPK" na "P-1". Ma post-agha sample ndị dị fechaa (100 g) nọ na-ajụ etiti si a scandium-aluminum alloy. Mgbe e mere maka mkpa nke ndị uwe ojii egbe P-38, "Walther P-1" e mere tumadi maka mba nke ngwá agha. Iri atọ na asatọ nlereanya na-emepụta obere obere ma na-na ígwè eku. Otú ọ dị, ọ bụ naanị na e ji mee ihe maka azụmahịa nzube. N'afọ 1976, "Walter" egbe "P-1", e ukwuu mma. Dịkwuo ọrụ ndụ, nakwa dị ka ikike iji cartridges na a dị ike ụgwọ, ndị na-esonụ ihe e kwukwara na ngwaahịa a:

• Eku, na mpaghara n'etiti ámá na-egbu oge na ụzọ ámá contactor e arụnyere a transverse mkpọ. Nke a na akụkụ-enye gị ohere na-na ibu nke gbọmgbọm mgbe chụọ n'ọrụ. N'ihi ya ọ ghọrọ ike ịgbatị ndụ nke a fechaa eku.
• Kporo amalitela iji nkwụnye enwe n'ime liner, mere nke Stellite. Nke a ihe onwunwe e ji elu wear eguzogide. Site na nke a oge nke mụbaa ozi Kporo, ọbụna na-kpụ ọkụ n'ọnụ were egbe agha okwu. Ọzọkwa ukpụhọde ekwe na-eji ndị ọzọ dị ike cartridges na powder ụgwọ, dị ka a 19 X 9 mm NATO.

Design atụmatụ

Ọrụ akpaaka ika obere égbè "Walter" bụ n'ihi na anaghị achọ ike nke ogwe-ya obere N'ezie. Lash dị n'agbata tides na akpati anamde vetikal rotational ije, anamde kpochidoro. Iji mepụta ya disengagement si n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá, ọ dị mkpa iji belata n'azụ nke lash. Ọ, n'aka nke ya, bụ spring-kwajuru longitudinal mmanya, bụ nke dị na a iju mmiri ahụ breech nke ogwe. The usoro nke ihe nke egbe "Walther P-38" nwere ike kọwara dị ka ndị a: a mkpanaka rapaara na arụmọrụ nke gbọmgbọm anaghị achọ n'ime eku. Dị ka a N'ihi ya, ndị lash na-agba gburugburu na disengage. Mgbe compresses abụọ nloghachi iyi. Ha na-emi odude na ndu mkpara na grooves na etiti (n'elu). Mgbe ahụ, mgbe decompression nke spring pushes bolt azuokokoosisi na spring-kwajuru pin arụnyere na otu ọnọdụ, si otú atọhapụ ndị lash. Nke ahụ, n'aka nke ya, bụ n'okpuru nduzi nke bevel na-akpọlite na eme na shutter.

general ewu

Egbe "Walther P-38" nwere 58 components. N'etiti ha:

• The akpalite na usoro (USM) - nwere a abụọ ihe, na-onwem na ihe na-emeghe akpalite. The handle bụ kpara akpa edinam ini utọ nke cylindrical ụdị. akpalite na esiri mgbe hama na a cocked ọnọdụ - 2,5 n'arọ, enweghị samovzvodom - 6.5. Ịkpalite mmanya n'ịnyịnya n'èzí n'akụkụ aka nri nke etiti.
• Igbe - eji aka ịchịkwa fuuz. Nsogbu na ekpe shutter. Mgbe ọ na-lowered kụziere mma ụmụ hama cocked. Ọzọkwa, e nwere hama mkpọchi. adiana limiter akpalite na omitted, ekwe omume nke-alọta n'ọnọdụ mbụ tupu cocking ọnọdụ ọ bụ offline.
• Ịkpalite.

ịgbalịsi

Structural unit nke akpalite na egbe mmewere "Walther P-38" na-emepụta ụfọdụ chefuo ahụhụ ya eji, karịsịa ndị ọzọ nke agha arụmọrụ. Nke a bụ n'ihi na eziokwu na butere ọnọdụ nko na-metụtara na gụnyere fuuz. Ọrụ usoro nwere ndị na-esonụ nuances:

• The akpalite na mmewere ga-adị na-atụ ọnọdụ mgbe fuuz na agbanyụrụ. Nke a na-eme site na-atụgharị ọkọlọtọ elu.
• Ọ bụrụ na fuuz na agbanyụrụ, nko-anọgide na otu ọnọdụ na ya tupu ẹsụhọde ọkọlọtọ.
• Mgbe cocking hama nko Nkea ka n'azụ ọnọdụ.
• Ọ bụrụ na ndị platoon ma ọ bụ abiaghi distortion shutter, ndị shutter otu ga-anọgide na-atụ ọnọdụ mgbe fuuz.
• Ọ bụrụ na fuuz bụ na ON ọnọdụ, ọnụ ụzọ ámá na-agaghị a igbochi, ọ nwere ike ịgwagbu. Na nke a na-akpalite na a na-ewepụ si mkpọchi, na triga na-akpali ya n'azụ ọnọdụ.
• Iji-azọpụta egbe ọbụna mgbe shutdown mere na n'azụ ọnọdụ nke akpalite na, i kwesịrị n'ike mmụọ nsọ. Mgbe ahụ, na fuuz ga-gụnyere.
• Ọ bụrụ na triga na ulo oru aka site n'aka n'ịnọgide na ịpị akpalite na nko-ewe n'ihu ọnọdụ.
• Ozugbo fuuz na agbanyụrụ, i nwere ike ime eme a shot DA mode ma ọ bụ mgbe cocking. Nke abụọ ahụ, mkpọda ga-nwayọọ na obere.
• Ọ rụrụ ọrụ nke uncoupler akpalite na mmanya. Mgbe firing n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke na-emepụta elu bụ na kọntaktị na ya. Site na nke a ikpeazụ na-lowered, ma si otú anamde a disconnection na sear. Single oriọna bụ omume na ihe omume ahụ na triga na-lowered ruo mgbe ọ na-akwụsị. Na nke a, na ike nke akpalite na-wetara, ọ na-aghọ.
• Iji gbochie akaghi shot na a oge "nedohoda" Ọnụ ụzọ ámá nke ekpochi ọnọdụ, ọ dị mkpa ime ka firing pin mkpọchi na akpaka fuuz. Ọ na-emi odude n'elu triga. Ka ịkpọghee ahụ striker mkpa ịsụgharị ámá ke n'ihu ọnọdụ, na-eji na-ebuli menjuobi. Ọ na-emi odude na otu larịị na akpalite.

nkọwa

Echekwa egbe "Walther P-38" nwere ihe karịrị 8 agba. Lash ọ bụ site n'azụ (n'ihu) n'akụkụ nke ahụ. store lash ọrụ kpere ihe spring. N'elu triga na azụ efere shutter, emi odude pointer. Dị ka ọ bụ ike ikpebi na-na ọnụnọ nke a katrij n'ime-ulo. Index nwere n'ụdị a mkpa mkpanaka projecting nsọtụ. Dismantling egbe "Walter" dịtụ n'ụzọ kwụ ọtọ. Ozugbo niile cartridges na-eji elu na ụlọ ahịa ga-abụ ihe efu, ndị shutter kwesịrị ka a sụgharịa n'azụ ọnọdụ. Bụrụ na nke a dị mkpa iji laghachi na ọ gara aga kwuo nwere ike zie oge menjuobi maka valvụ. Ọ bụ n'otu larịị na akpalite na mmewere nke etiti na n'aka ekpe. Ọ bụrụ na egbe adịgide abụghị ihe efu ahịa, mgbe ahụ, iji wepụ kpọchie, ọ dị mkpa ka ubé sere azụ. Mgbe ahụ, ọ ga-ahapụrịrị. Ọ bụrụ na a magazine na-ama kwajuru, a edinam doshlet katrij n'ime-ulo na uche "Walter" (egbe) na anya.

Specificity egbe imewe "Walther P-38"

1. Na nke a égbè na-eji abụọ obere dayameta spring nloghachi. Ha na-mere ndokwa yiri onye ọ bụla ọzọ na etiti, n'okpuru n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá.
2. The ejector nwere a na ọnọdụ na-ekpe, nke mere na katrij ikpe ịgbatị ruo n'akụkụ aka ekpe.
3. Iji nwee fuuz igbe ga-zaghị.
4. Ịkpalite mmanya usoro nwere mpụga ebe. Ọ na-emi odude na etiti na nri.
5. A akụkụ pụrụ iche nke egbe "Walther P-38" - nke a bụ a obere bolt na a nnukwu oghere ke n'elu. Nke a n'ọnụ ụzọ ámá imewe bụ a chọrọ agha. N'ihi ya, o kwere omume na-emepụta ọkụ site chọpụtara nchawa, nke bụ na agha.

egbe iche "Walther P-38" na ya mgbanwe

1. Walther AR - prototype, 1936, HP - nke abụọ prototype.
2. Egbe P-38 ( "Walter"). Afọ nke mmepụta: si 1939 ruo mgbe mmiri nke na 1945. Site na mbubreyo 1945 na 1946 site na mbụ arụpụtara akụkụ ya e mere ọbụna a obere ọnụ ọgụgụ nke egbe a nlereanya. Ma mgbe ahụ, site na 1957 ka 2004, ngwá agha na-arụpụtara ke a ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ebe ke Federal Republic of Germany.
3. "Walter P-38.K" - a ọzọ oge a version nke egbe na a shortened 72 mm na gbọmgbọm. E nyere ya iwu na 1944 Reich Security management maka onye ngalaba ngwá agha DM mkpara nke SS na Gestapo. Firm spree-Werke GmbH ka a tọhapụrụ ọtụtụ puku egbe a nlereanya. The n'ihu n'anya ka iwepụ na ọnụ ụzọ ámá-casing na nwere a akụkụ nke ya. Ma n'ụzọ zuru ezu chebere ukpụhọde ọrụ. Obere égbè "P-38.K" by Walther stampụ anọchi cyq. Mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị, a nlereanya e ji ngwá agha maka Ministry of State Security na GDR. Na oge site na 1974 ka 1981 site "Walter Vaffenfabrik" maka mkpa nke ndị na-emegide-eyi ọha egwu pụrụ iche agha pesonel ke Germany a tọhapụrụ banyere 1500 obere égbè "P-38.K". Na 200 nke ha na-eji katrij caliber 7,65 "Parabellum".

Walther Umarex

"Umareks Walter" - ikuku egbe caliber 4,5 mm. Producer - German ụlọ ọrụ Umarex. N'ezie, nke a nlereanya - a oyiri nke onwe onye na-loading égbè egbe "P-38", mepụtara na 1938 ma ghọọ otu n'ime ndị kasị ewu ewu na ngwá agha nke WWII. Ọdịdị nke oge a na ngwá agha n'ụzọ ziri ezi akuko ya ochie prototype. Air Gun "Walter PPK S" ( "Umareks") ka nke ferro alloys. Ọ na-eji usoro "Bloubek". Ọ mbipụta ndị "Walter" edinam akpaka-eji égbè agbagbu ika. Air egbe na-onwem na a akpalite na mmewere na a otu ihe. Ọ-enye gị ohere ka a mbido squad. Shop "Walter P-38" ( "Umareks") esetịpụ 20 bọọlụ. Shot nke mbụ ike ọsọ nke banyere 115-120 m / s. The akụkụ nke egbe - 21 x 13 x 3 cm mbughari ogwe -. Ọzọ a ma ama na mma, nke nwere ngwá agha.

Model "P-99m"

Egbe "Walter" traumatic bụ mma version nke ụdị ngwá agha. Nke a abụghị a akakabarede nke agha na ngwá agha Walther P-99. Nlereanya a pụtara ihe fọrọ nke nta n'otu oge ahụ na -akpasasị uche na egbe "Walther eyi". Na nke a, e nwere mmegide ọ bụla ọzọ ogwe aka. Comparative e ji mara ndị a egbe bụ fọrọ nke nta yiri. Ma ụdị na-eji otu na-adịghị ike na-adịghị irè mgbọ. Isi iche - ọdịdị na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ndị n'out oge na-ana cartridges. On ikpeazụ mgbe agbagha ndú, ekele a sara mbara shop 15 agba bụ "Walter" - egbe "P-99m." Otú ọ dị, a ịrịba uru nwere ike ghara a na-akpọ, n'ihi na ọ bụrụ na otu shot bụghị ike ịkwụsị onye iro, niile 15 ike-atụle a pụrụ ịdabere na-echebe ke onwe-agbachitere. Ọdịdị traumatic egbe "Walther P-99m" mara mma na-adọrọ mmasị na mma. N'ezie, ọ bụ nke a n'akuku-ya na bụ ihe kasị adọrọ n'ihi na nke bara uru e ji mara "Walter" (egbe) adịghị izute full chọrọ oyomde. Dị ka ihe atụ, dị ka ala nke na-arụzi na yi nkasi obi. "Walter" egbe "P-99m", nwere nkezi size. Na otu aka, ọ na-apụghị na-akpọ a n'akpa uwe, n'ihi na ọ dịghị onye ọkọlọtọ n'akpa uwe ọ ga-dabara. Ma iji nnukwu ụdị ọ bụ na-agaghị ekwe omume na-ebu. Ibu traumatic egbe, ekele obere ukwu nke ígwè alloy ọdịnaya bụ 600 g, nke bụ 1.5 ugboro arọ nke nlereanya P-22T. plus egbe "Walther P-99m" bụ ike. Nke a bụ n'ihi na ojiji na imewe nke aluminum alloy ogwe aka ya na enweghị oghere na ụlọ-uzọ-ama. Otú ọ dị, akpalite na egbe na-mere nke alloy, na n'ihi na ọ bụ karịsịa susceptible ka iche iche iche iche nke mmetọ na-ọcha, nke, n'aka, mere ka a obere oge nke ndaba nke akpalite na mmewere.

P-88, P-99

Egbe "Walter" (gas) - analọg nke agha nlereanya. Ebe kpebiri iji nweta ndị dị otú ahụ na ngwá agha, ọ dị mkpa na-eso ụfọdụ iwu. Mbụ niile, n'ihu oghere nke mkpo ya na gas cartridges ya elu n'akụkụ ga-enyocha n'ihi na ọnụnọ nke na-acha ọcha ma ọ bụ acha ntụ ntụ. Bụrụ na nke nchọpụta-ya nile, na igbe a na-atụ aro na-emeghe, ebe ọ bụ na ọnụnọ nke ihe e dere ede na-egosi leakage cartridges. Ke adianade do, mgbe ịzụ ha mkpa iji chọpụta emeputa designation na labelụ na ala nke liner, nakwa dị ka na-elele maka nnabata na n'ezie ọdịnaya nke ozi na nkwakọ.