Efere, nke a na-akpọ Russian gburugburu ụwa. Russian nri

Anyị na mba nri bụ ma ama maka a dịgasị iche iche nke efere, nke ndepụta bụ mgbe niile emelitere na ọhụrụ culinary kere. Ozugbo Europe ọ nweghị mmasị na omenala nke Russian nri, n'ihi na ala sophistication nke ya efere. Otú ọ dị, ihe ndị a adịghị pathetic àgwà na-egwuri a dị ịrịba ama ọrụ, na ọbụna na Kama - na-eje ozi dị ka a akpali akpali usoro maka ntoputa nke ọhụrụ Ezi ntụziaka. Ugbu a na-eje ozi Russian nri dị nnọọ ewu ewu n'etiti European ọnụ-enwe ekele maka ha di iche iche na siri uto.

Gịnị bụ "Russian salad"?

Ihe yiri aha nke mba culinary masterpiece dị European okirikiri. Iji anyị, nke a na-mara dị ka a salad vinaigrette - a efere na a na-akpọ Russian gburugburu ụwa.

Ya isi mma bụ ịdị adị nke kpere mba Efrata, dị ka pickled cucumber, pickled kabeeji na ndị ọzọ na. The aha "Russian salad" nwere French mgbọrọgwụ, na ọ na-abịa site na okwu vinaigre, nke sụgharịta ka "mmanya".

Malite aha efere

Na oge nke ọchịchị Alexander m, ụlọikpe na-eje ozi a French siri nri aha ya bụ Antuan Karem. Ya mere, na eve nke ọzọ ememe na kichin ọnụ na Antoine arụ ọrụ ma na Russian chefs. French siri nri hụrụ na ha na-akwadebe ihe na-akpali salad esịnede isi nke akwụkwọ nri, na mmiri ya na-acetic kachasi mkpa. Ọ na-ukwuu idem a na jụrụ, sị: «? Vinaigre» osi ite kpebiri na ya na-akpọ efere esie ha. Ebe ọ bụ na efere bụ na ụwa na-akpọ Russian, ọ malitere na-akpọ na French n'ụzọ, ya bụ, "Russian salad".

Gịnị na-emeso tupu anyị chefs?

Old Russian efere dị ka akụkụ nke mba nri, abụrụ na IX-X ọtụtụ narị afọ. ma ruo ya elu na XV-XVI narị afọ., ji nkịtị atụmatụ, chekwara anyị na mgbe ụfọdụ.

Ná mmalite nke oge a, e nwere Russian nri, nke ka nke gbara ụka rye mgwakota agwa. Ọ ekwu ná nkwado a ụdị uncrowned eze na anyị table, na-enweghị mba menu. Ọ na-mepụtakwara na ndị ọzọ dị mkpa iche na-eme bred na ngwaahịa, akpan akpan buns, kemmiri ihe, pancakes, achịcha, bagels, donuts, muffin na na.

All nke ha na-kwadebere tumadi na ndabere nke gbara ụka mgwakota na bụ ya mere e ji mara nke Russian omenala nri ofụri ya akụkọ culinary evolushọn. Predilection maka koro eko achịcha, gbara ụka kpụrụ ndabere nke jelii - oat, rye na wheat. Ha pụtara ogologo oge tupu ha nke oge a ogbo, dị ka a na-achị, beri.

Ọzọkwa ochie Russian efere ọkọnọ dị iche iche ọka gruel, mbụ chere na a ukwu na emume oriri. Na na itughari niile a ọka, ntụ ọka ukwuu, mgbe mgbe esie azu, ero, akwukwo nri, mmiri ara ehi, na mgbe ụfọdụ - anụ efere. N'otu oge ahụ, kpochapụwo Russian ọṅụṅụ, ya bụ na ụdị nile nke mead, kvass, e me ala. Ọ baghị uru ikwu na, na ha nso bụ nnọọ mbara?

Rịba ama na Russian nri dịwo kewara dabere (azu, ero na akwukwo nri) na ndị na-akpọ abụba - mmiri ara ehi, anụ na egg. Nke a nwere a ịrịba mmetụta na n'ihu mmepe nke anyị culinary omenala, ruo mgbe ọgwụgwụ nke XIX narị afọ.

Nti aha Russian efere, ma ọ bụ ihe mere na kabeeji na-apụta stuffed kabeeji na-akpọ?

The akụkọ ihe mere eme nke a hụrụ n'anya na ọtụtụ efere dị ka kabeeji na-apụta, ndị a na-Ottoman Alaeze Ukwu, na-ahapụ ha, nke mere na-ekwu okwu, dị ka a ketara na ndị Russia. Efere, nke bụ n'ụwa nile na-akpọ Russian na, n'eziokwu, bụ a Moldovan. Okwu sarmale ma ọ bụ echiche anyị - "stuffed" si Turkish ngwaa na sarma pụtara "ọbọp." Nke a efere bụ na-ewu ewu n'oge ikpeazụ ọtụtụ narị afọ.

Na Russian kichin nwere a nnukwu ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ọdịiche nke kabeeji, nke dị iche tumadi ndochi. Nke a nwere ike osikapa, na ezi na mushrooms na e ghere eghe mushrooms na obere ego, na ọbụna ụtọ agwa tapawa. Ha nwekwara ike ịdị iche na size, sitere na site miniature na-agwụcha na obscenely nnukwu. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a stuffed kabeeji nwere ike na-eri nri obodo ahụ dum. Ihe atụ, ha na-na omenala efere na Dragon Boat Festival.

Na ihe ná mba ndị ọzọ na-eri kabeeji na-apụta?

Na efere a, nke a na n'ụwa nile maara dị ka Russian, na a nta dị iche bụ ugbu a na ọ fọrọ nke nta niile nri nke ụwa. Ihe atụ, na Azerbaijan, Georgia, Persia na Bosnia ya na-akpọ Dolme. Na Turkey, ya bụ, dị ka ekwuola, Sarma. Moldovan na Romanian nri bụ analogous kabeeji, mara dị ka Sarmale. Na Armenia, na-akpọ ha Tolma.

Ke adianade do, a Russian efere na-ewu ewu na Poland, Lithuania, Ukraine, Serbia, Belarus t. D. Ọbụna a anya mba dị ka Sweden nwere a efere, nke na-eje ozi dị ka ihe ndabere maka ihe nile nke otu stuffed. E kabeeji epupụta ọbọp ngwakọta nke minced anụ ezi na osikapa, na ntụrụndụ na-eje ozi na a ihe ndozi, nke-eme dị ka a sie nduku. N'otu oge ahụ na tebụl ga-adị ugbu aja aja ihendori na lingonberry jam. Ọ na-akpọ Kaldolmar efere.

N'ihi ya, anyị nwere ike ikwu na aha nke Russian nri nwere ike dị na mba dị iche iche, albeit dịtụ gbanwetụrụ. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ bụ kwere na anyị na-gbaziri onye ọzọ aha.

Olee na-amalite a omenala ọkọnọ mba efere?

The mbụ Russian nri ọkọnọ ọtụtụ iche iche nke ofe. Ha nwere ike kere n'ime asaa bụ isi dị iche iche, ya bụ:

1. Nzuzo soups, nke na-kwadebere dabeere na kvass: hash, na Turi botvinya.

2. Ìhè ofe ma ọ bụ ofe, isi akụrụngwa nke nke bụ mmiri, na dị iche iche na akwụkwọ nri.

3. Meat, mmiri ara ehi ma ọ bụ ero ofe noodles.

4. Russian kabeeji ofe.

5. Soljanki na rassolnik na ndị siri ike zuru ezu, n'ihi na abụba efere na nnu acidic isi.

6. Kalia, ntị ịrụ abụọ isi umu azu ofe.

7. Groats ofe dabeere na akwụkwọ nri.

Ofe dị ka a mba nri

Russian mbụ ọmụmụ, dị ka ị pụrụ ịhụ, na-adị nnọọ iche iche. Otú ọ dị, e nwere otu onye nke na-adịghị jikwaa nta ka ọ bụla table, dị ka onye oru ugbo na eze. Nke a ofe - kacha mkpa kwa ụbọchị efere, nke pụtara na Russia na IX narị afọ. Ha isi mgwa bụ Kale.

Ọtụtụ ndị kweere na a na omenala e dị si Byzantium. Otú ọ dị, echiche a abụghị kpamkpam ezi, ebe ọ bụ na n'oge ochie kabeeji akọ na Black Sea chịrị nke Ancient Greece, òle ebe bịara Russian. Ekem, ke Russia esie ofe dị iche iche yushki. Ha na-kwadebere si ọhụrụ, mgbe sauerkraut. Efere a emewo ngwa ngwa nweela ewu ewu na enwetara aha "Ofe" ma ọ bụ "Sti".

Mgbe ahụ Russian efere gbakwunyere site a na-atọ ụtọ efere ewepụtara esi. Ọ bụ ihe ofe, nke ozugbo enwe oké ịhụnanya na-ewu ewu n'etiti ndị dị n'ebe ọwụwa anyanwụ Slav. Ya aha na mbụ pụtara "Buryakova ofe", ma ọ bụ kpọmkwem na-adabere na nke biiti ofe.

Ofe na porridge - ume anyị!

Russian nri, tinyere ofe, na-ekesa na ọtụtụ mba gburugburu ụwa. Nke a na Ukraine, na Belarus, Poland na Lithuania, na Latvia, na Estonia, na Finland, na Moldova. Ma ịhụnanya pụrụ iche na ha nwere, n'ihi na ihe doro anya na ihe mere, ndị Russia, na ọ bụghị naanị ndị bi Central Russian gbalaga, kamakwa ndị nnọchiteanya nke Mordovian, Udmurt, Chuvash, Komi-Permian iche iche.

A Russian efere, photos na-adade ke otu isiokwu kwadebere dị ka ndị ahịa 'ụlọ, dị mma ala, n'obí eze na ndị ogbenye huts. Ọ dị iche naanị na ọdịnaya nke "schanogo ite." Ndị bara ọgaranya na-esi nri, ya mere, na-ekwu okwu, ndị ọgaranya ofe - a anụ ma ọ bụ ọkụkọ efere, na ogbenye na-etinye na ihe nile nke o nwere na bins n'oge.

Pomors họọrọ azụ kabeeji ofe, nke e kwukwara na milled powder ighe. N'oge Rịọtaara-akwadebe a meatless ero ofe. N'ihi na table nke eze ukwu e chepụtara ahụkebe Ntụziaka akpọ "Royal ofe", nke kwukwara a otutu esenidụt nri pụrụ iche. Spring esie "green" ofe, nke gụnyere sọrel ma ọ bụ nettle, quinoa, tụfuo kabeeji seedlings. Na oyi na ha na-oyi kpọnwụrụ na iwere n'okporo ụzọ, mgbe ụtọ na a ketulu.

E wezụga kabeeji, ọzọ mgwa nke efere bụ eyịm. Ha na-etinye poteto na carrots. Na Negeb, mere ka ịgbakwunye ụtọ ose na tomato. Ọtụtụ ndị na-ahọrọ na-etinye ndim rye ntụ ọka.

Gịnị bụ ofe nke oge a Russian nri?

Ka ụbọchị, iri abụọ osi ite na-enye iche iche nke mba Russian kabeeji ofe, ndị bụ isi bụ:

1. Full ma ọgaranya ofe. Ha na-na elu ina, n'ihi na eziokwu na ha na-akwadebe ọkụkọ ma ọ bụ anụ efere na mgbakwunye na nke mmanụ Sauté akwụkwọ nri. Ha nwere ike brewed ma ọhụrụ na sauerkraut ma ọ bụ a ngwakọta-ya nile. -Anabata adianade dịkwa ka usoro ha, ọkacha mma na-acha ọcha.

2. Prefabricated ofe. N'oge nri nke anụ mee ọtụtụ umu (maka efere), na meats na sausages. Anụ ga-ebipụ n'ime obere iberibe. Ọ dị mkpa ka ịgbakwunye ọhụrụ ma ọ sauerkraut na nnukwu quantities.

3. Lenten ofe. Ha na-akwadebe na a efere nke akwụkwọ nri, na-emekarị na mgbakwunye na nke ụdị nile nke mushrooms.

4. Fish ofe. Esi nri azụ efere. Ị nwere ike iji obere azu, milled n'ime a ntụ ntụ. Adabara Nchikota ọhụrụ na nnu azụ advantageously Sturgeon.

5. Gray ofe. Na-kwadebere si na ala na agba ntụ-green epupụta nke kabeeji, tupu fermented. The efere bụ nnọọ na ina na ugwu nke Russia.

6. Green ofe. Nke a bụ naanị ụdị ihe oriri, na-akwadebe enweghị kabeeji. The isi Efrata bụ spring herbs dị ka sọrel, uke na quinoa.

7. kabeeji seedling. Stew nke kabeeji seedlings ekwesighi ka ọdịda.

8. Daily ofe. Special dịgasị iche iche, dị ka akpa nke esie efere mbụ ọbọp na awa anọ a oké blanket, na mgbe ahụ na-ekwe na-eguzo na a oyi ebe a ụbọchị.

Popular isi efere. Russian nri na okwu nke distinctiveness na njirimara

Ha omenala nnochite anya bụ: burgers, dị iche iche anụ na-apụta, zrazy, frying azu, anu, kabeeji na-apụta, stuffed-ede ede, casseroles na ndị ọzọ.

Nke abụọ N'ezie nwere àgwà dị iche iche, na-egosipụta n'ụzọ a ruo ogologo oge nkwadebe usoro na a elu caloric ọdịnaya. Dị ka a na-achị, ndị na ngwaahịa na-eghe, sie ma ọ bụ stewed. Kwesịrị ịdị, ndị obodo Russian efere butere ma ọ bụ na-ahụsi anya na oven, na free spirit.

Isi ọdịnala Russian table-eje ozi di iche iche na ọtụtụ ihe na-eji maka nkwadebe nke kwekọrọ ekwekọ emeso.

Nkebi nke guzobere Russian nri

Anyị nri ya na-evolving, na bụ ugbu a-ekwe omume ịmata isi nkebi nke ya mmepe, ya bụ:

• Old Russian nri - ezo aka IX-XVI narị afọ;
• kichin nke Muscovy - ụbọchị laghachi na na Asaa narị afọ;
• kichin Petrovsko-Catherine oge - XVIII narị afọ;
• St. Petersburg - bụ na njedebe nke XVIII narị afọ;
• All-Russian mba nri - akara ke 60-ies nke XIX narị afọ;
• Soviet - predominated si 1917 ruo ugbu a oge.